Erw pipe что это
Electric Resistance Welded pipe (ERW)
High Frequency Induction weld pipe (HFI)
Electric Fusion Welded Pipe (EFW)
ERW Casing pipe—petroleum and nature air exploration
Standardsпјљ API SPEC 5CT, SY/T5989
Materials пјљH40 J55 K55
Structure and Mechanical Round pipe and Tubing
Standards: JIS3466гЂЃJIS3445; ASTM A513; GB/T 6728-2002
Steel Materials: carbon steel or low ally steel
Structure and Mechanical Square or Rectangular Pipe
Standards: GB/T3091 JIS G3452
Steel grade: Q215AгЂЃQ215BгЂЃQ235AB гЂЃQ295ABгЂЃQ345AB
SIZE:
ERW Pipe (Plain end)ASTM A53 Gr.A sch40
ERW STEEL PIPE
Size:
BS1387:1985 ERW Pipe
.
JISG3444:2004 STK 400/500 Structural Carbon Steel Pipes
End:square ends (straight cut, saw cut, and torch cut). or beveled for welding, beveled,
Surface: Lightly oiled, Hot dip galvanized, Electro galvanized, Black, Bare, Varnish coating/Anti rust oil, Protective Coatings (Coal Tar Epoxy, Fusion Bond Epoxy, 3-layers PE)
Packing:Plastic plugs in both ends, Hexagonal bundles of max. 2,000kg with several steel strips, Two tags on each bundle, Wrapped in waterproof paper, PVC sleeve, and sackcloth with several steel strips, Plastic caps.
Test:Chemical Component Analysis, Mechanical Properties (Ultimate tensile strength, Yield strength, Elongation), Technical Properties (Flattening Test, Bending Test, Blow Test, Impact Test), Exterior Size Inspection, Hydrostatic Test, X-ray Test.
Third party inspection:SGS, BV, Lloyds etc.
ERW steel pipe(Electric resistance welding steel pipe): Size: 355*6-30 mm Material: GR.A, GR.B, L245, X42, X46, X52, X56, etc. API/ ISO Certification.
erw pipe
1 ERW pipe
2 ERW pipe
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Выбор типа выхлопа: Х-пайп vs Н-пайп + Y-пайп для моторов V8
Пока есть время, можно и нужно разобраться с типом выхлопа.
Оба типа выхлопа похожи между собой, к слову, Н-пайп есть частный случай Х-пайпа и тем не менее они совершенно разные.
Диаграмма потоков выхлопных газов для всех всех типов «средних» труб выглядит так:
Каждый тип имеет свою исключительную особенность и соответственно применение.
Рассмотрим:
1. X-пайп как правило громче и дает больше мощности на высоких оборотах, все мощные драговые машины имеют именно эту системы выпуска.
2. Н-пайп дает рычание как у классического мускулкара, повышает крутящий момент на низких оборотах, звук более сбалансирован. За счет трубы-перемычки возникает противодавление, повышающее крутящий момент на низких оборотах в противоположность Х-пайпу
3. Y-пайп не дает ровном счетом ничего, это просто тупой отвод газов, и если мы хотим «more power» мы должны спилить ее, ну или не использовать ))
Общие черты Х и Н пайпов:
— увеличение мощности (лошадиные силы и момент)
— изменение звука и тональности выхлопа
Нам наверное ближе Н-пайп. хотя предусмотреть возможность замены секции надо, можно будет на деле проверить что нам более подойдет. Такие дела. Первый тест будет на первом моем проекте Сузуки. Запишу видео.
Pipe Manufacturing
Based on Manufacturing Process Pipes can be classified as below
a. EFW-Electric Fusion Welded
b. ERW – Electrical Resistance welded Pipe
->This process is used to make smaller sizes of seamless pipe, typically 1 to 6 inches (25 to 150 mm) diameter.
-> The ingot of steel is heated to 2,370 °F (1,300 °C) and pierced.
-> A mandrel is inserted into the tube and the assembly is passed through a rolling (mandrel) mill.
->Unlike the plug mill, the mandrel mill reduces wall thickness continuously with a series of pairs of curved rollers set at 90° angles to each other.
->The pipe is then cut to length before heat treatment, final straightening, inspection, and hydrostatic testing.
->This process is used to make larger sizes of seamless pipe, typically 6 to 16 inches (150 to 400 mm) diameter.
->An ingot of steel weighing up to two tons is heated to 2,370 °F (1,300 °C) and pierced.
->The hole in the hollow shell is enlarged on a rotary elongator, resulting in a short thick-walled tube known as a bloom.
->An internal plug approximately the same diameter as the finished diameter of the pipe is then forced through the bloom.
->The bloom containing the plug is then passed between the rolls of the plug mill.
->Rotation of the rolls reduces the wall thickness
->The tube is rotated through 90° for each pass through the plug mill to ensure roundness.
->The tube is then passed through a reeling mill and reducing mill to even out the wall thickness and produce the finished dimensions.
-> The tube is then cut to length before heat treatment, final straightening, inspection, and hydrostatic testing.
2. Welded Pipes
->Welded pipe (pipe manufactured with a weld) is a tubular product made out of flat plates, known as skelp, that are formed, bent and prepared for welding. The most popular process for large diameter pipe uses a longitudinal seam weld. The welds are made by heating with an electric arc between the bare metal electrodes.
->Pressure is not used. Filler metal for the welds is obtained from the electrodes.
->For diameters above 36 inches, double seam welded pipe is specified as an alternative in API 5L. This has two longitudinal seams.
Longitudinally Welded Pipe
EFW Pipe Manufacturing Process
->As an alternative process, spiral weld construction allows large diameter pipe to be produced from narrower plates or skelp.
->The defects that occur in spiral welded pipe are mainly those associated with the SAW weld,
->An additional problem with early spiral welded pipe was poor dimensional accuracy, particularly out of roundness at the pipe ends. This led to problems of poor fit-up during field girth welding. Spiral line pipe gained a poor reputation in some companies as a result of these early experiences.
->Considered suitable only for low pressure applications such as water pipe.
b. Electric Resistance Welded (ERW)
->Solid phase butt weld, was produced using resistance heating & high pressure to make the longitudinal weld (ERW),
->Nowadays Most pipe mills now use high frequency induction heating (HFI) for better control and consistency. However, the product is still often referred to as ERW pipe, even though the weld may have been produced by the HFI process.
->The defects that can occur in ERW/HFI pipe are those associated with strip production, such as laminations and defects at the narrow weld line.
->Lack of fusion due to insufficient heat and pressure is the principal defect, although hook cracks can also form due to realignment of non metallic inclusions at the weld interface. Because the weld line is not visible after trimming, and the nature of the solid phase welding process, considerable lengths of weld with poor fusion can be produced if the welding parameters fall outside the set limits.
->In addition, early ERW pipe was subject to pressure reversals, a problem that results in failure in service at a lower stress than that seen in the pre-service pressure test. This problem is caused by crack growth during the pressure test hold period, which in the case of early ERW pipe was due to a combination of low weld line toughness and lack of fusion defects.
What is ERW pipe?
ERW stands for Electric Resistance welded pipe. A plate rolled to become a pipe and welded using Electric Resistance Welding process. Usully for for high diemeter. (cheapest process avaiable)
ERW tubing or Electric Resistance Welded tubing is not as strong as DOM tubing or Drawn Over Mandrel tubing. Usually when tube is made, it starts off as a flat sheet and this is rolled up into a tube and welded. DOM tubing is usually made the same way but there is an extra process where this tube is drawn through a die along with a mandrel to control the outer and inner diameters of the tube. This extra process strengthens the steel since it is cold formed by up to 20%. Another type of common tubing is Chrome-Moly also known as Chromium / Molybdenum Steel. This type of steel also uses the same process but has these additional elements within the steel alloy which increase strength even more. Chrome-Moly is usually used in tubing for cars and other applications over 3500 lbs.
Motorcycle Frames and ERW Steel Tubing.
Motorcycle frames are made with both ERW tubing and DOM tubing. For small engines with not a tremendous amount of horse power a 1″ x 1/8″ mild steel ERW tube should be fine. Modern engines with a lot more horsepower as well as stretched frames require at least 1 1/4″ x 1/8″ wall thickness at a minimum. Bigger choppers even use 1 3/8″ x 1/8″ walls. More on the overkill side done for design or aesthetics is 1 1/2″ tube with 1/8″ wall. All applications under 3500 lbs pretty much can get away with using ERW. Roll cages and dune buggies, car frames are almost always made with DOM tubing.
All three, Chrome-Moly, DOM and ERW tubing weigh about the same but it is important to note that Chrome-Moly is the strongest, followed by DOM and finally ERW being the weakest of the three. You can take advantage of this by replacing a larger diameter tube with a smaller diameter tube of stronger material. For example, you can replace a 1 1/2″ ERW tube with a 1 1/8″ DOM or Chrome-Moly tube.
The advantage here is that you can reduce your frame weight by making such a change. It is very critical to confirm that it is ok to make this kind of change on your frame. Each frame has a different geometry and different loads that will bend and twist the steel in various ways. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) conducted by a qualified engineer can provide you with correct tube diameters and wall thickness that can be replaced for your specific frame design.
ERW has the weld seam on the inside of the tube (see image above). DOM, although made the same way has the additional process of being drawing and the mandrel removes this seam and provides a nice smooth surface on the inside of the tube.
The image and diagram is courtesy of the fabricator.