Flexural modulus что это
flexural modulus
Смотреть что такое «flexural modulus» в других словарях:
Flexural strength — Flexural strength, also known as modulus of rupture, bend strength, or fracture strength,[dubious – discuss] a mechanical parameter for brittle material, is defined as a material s ability to resist deformation under load. The transverse bending… … Wikipedia
Flexural rigidity — is defined as the force couple required to bend a rigid structure to a unit curvature.In a beam or rod, flexural rigidity varies along the length as a function of x shown in the following equation:: EI
Elastic modulus — An elastic modulus, or modulus of elasticity, is the mathematical description of an object or substance s tendency to be deformed elastically (i.e., non permanently) when a force is applied to it. The elastic modulus of an object is defined as… … Wikipedia
Three point flexural test — The three point bending flexural test provides values for the modulus of elasticityin bending E B, flexural stress sigma f, flexural strainepsilon f and the flexural stress strain response of thematerial. The main advantage of a three point… … Wikipedia
List of materials properties — A material s property is an intensive, often quantitative property of a material, usually with a unit that may be used as a metric of value to compare the benefits of one material versus another to aid in materials selection. A material property… … Wikipedia
Liste de propriétés de matériaux — Une propriété de matériau est une grandeur intensive, souvent une propriété quantitative, généralement avec une unité de mesure qui peut être utilisée comme métrique de la valeur pour comparer les avantages d un matériau plutôt qu un autre dans… … Wikipédia en Français
Beam (structure) — A statically determinate beam, bending (sagging) under an evenly distributed load. A beam is a horizontal structural element that is capable of withstanding load primarily by resisting bending. The bending force induced into the material of the… … Wikipedia
Zytel — is a trademark owned by DuPont and used for a number of different high strength, abrasion and impact resistant thermoplastic polyamide formulations of the family more commonly known as nylon, often with varying degrees of fiberglass, from 13% to… … Wikipedia
ThermoPlastic Olefin — (TPO) is a trade name that refers to polymer/filler blends usually consisting of some fraction of PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), BCPP (block copolymer polypropylene), rubber, and a reinforcing filler. Common fillers include, though are… … Wikipedia
Polyether block amide — or PEBA is a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). It is also known under the tradename of PEBAX® (Arkema). It is a block copolymer obtained by polycondensation of a carboxylic acid polyamide (PA6, PA11, PA12) with an alcohol termination polyether (PTMG … Wikipedia
flexural modulus
Смотреть что такое «flexural modulus» в других словарях:
Flexural strength — Flexural strength, also known as modulus of rupture, bend strength, or fracture strength,[dubious – discuss] a mechanical parameter for brittle material, is defined as a material s ability to resist deformation under load. The transverse bending… … Wikipedia
Flexural rigidity — is defined as the force couple required to bend a rigid structure to a unit curvature.In a beam or rod, flexural rigidity varies along the length as a function of x shown in the following equation:: EI
Elastic modulus — An elastic modulus, or modulus of elasticity, is the mathematical description of an object or substance s tendency to be deformed elastically (i.e., non permanently) when a force is applied to it. The elastic modulus of an object is defined as… … Wikipedia
Three point flexural test — The three point bending flexural test provides values for the modulus of elasticityin bending E B, flexural stress sigma f, flexural strainepsilon f and the flexural stress strain response of thematerial. The main advantage of a three point… … Wikipedia
List of materials properties — A material s property is an intensive, often quantitative property of a material, usually with a unit that may be used as a metric of value to compare the benefits of one material versus another to aid in materials selection. A material property… … Wikipedia
Liste de propriétés de matériaux — Une propriété de matériau est une grandeur intensive, souvent une propriété quantitative, généralement avec une unité de mesure qui peut être utilisée comme métrique de la valeur pour comparer les avantages d un matériau plutôt qu un autre dans… … Wikipédia en Français
Beam (structure) — A statically determinate beam, bending (sagging) under an evenly distributed load. A beam is a horizontal structural element that is capable of withstanding load primarily by resisting bending. The bending force induced into the material of the… … Wikipedia
Zytel — is a trademark owned by DuPont and used for a number of different high strength, abrasion and impact resistant thermoplastic polyamide formulations of the family more commonly known as nylon, often with varying degrees of fiberglass, from 13% to… … Wikipedia
ThermoPlastic Olefin — (TPO) is a trade name that refers to polymer/filler blends usually consisting of some fraction of PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), BCPP (block copolymer polypropylene), rubber, and a reinforcing filler. Common fillers include, though are… … Wikipedia
Polyether block amide — or PEBA is a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). It is also known under the tradename of PEBAX® (Arkema). It is a block copolymer obtained by polycondensation of a carboxylic acid polyamide (PA6, PA11, PA12) with an alcohol termination polyether (PTMG … Wikipedia
flexural modulus
Смотреть что такое «flexural modulus» в других словарях:
Flexural strength — Flexural strength, also known as modulus of rupture, bend strength, or fracture strength,[dubious – discuss] a mechanical parameter for brittle material, is defined as a material s ability to resist deformation under load. The transverse bending… … Wikipedia
Flexural rigidity — is defined as the force couple required to bend a rigid structure to a unit curvature.In a beam or rod, flexural rigidity varies along the length as a function of x shown in the following equation:: EI
Elastic modulus — An elastic modulus, or modulus of elasticity, is the mathematical description of an object or substance s tendency to be deformed elastically (i.e., non permanently) when a force is applied to it. The elastic modulus of an object is defined as… … Wikipedia
Three point flexural test — The three point bending flexural test provides values for the modulus of elasticityin bending E B, flexural stress sigma f, flexural strainepsilon f and the flexural stress strain response of thematerial. The main advantage of a three point… … Wikipedia
List of materials properties — A material s property is an intensive, often quantitative property of a material, usually with a unit that may be used as a metric of value to compare the benefits of one material versus another to aid in materials selection. A material property… … Wikipedia
Liste de propriétés de matériaux — Une propriété de matériau est une grandeur intensive, souvent une propriété quantitative, généralement avec une unité de mesure qui peut être utilisée comme métrique de la valeur pour comparer les avantages d un matériau plutôt qu un autre dans… … Wikipédia en Français
Beam (structure) — A statically determinate beam, bending (sagging) under an evenly distributed load. A beam is a horizontal structural element that is capable of withstanding load primarily by resisting bending. The bending force induced into the material of the… … Wikipedia
Zytel — is a trademark owned by DuPont and used for a number of different high strength, abrasion and impact resistant thermoplastic polyamide formulations of the family more commonly known as nylon, often with varying degrees of fiberglass, from 13% to… … Wikipedia
ThermoPlastic Olefin — (TPO) is a trade name that refers to polymer/filler blends usually consisting of some fraction of PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), BCPP (block copolymer polypropylene), rubber, and a reinforcing filler. Common fillers include, though are… … Wikipedia
Polyether block amide — or PEBA is a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). It is also known under the tradename of PEBAX® (Arkema). It is a block copolymer obtained by polycondensation of a carboxylic acid polyamide (PA6, PA11, PA12) with an alcohol termination polyether (PTMG … Wikipedia
flexural modulus
Смотреть что такое «flexural modulus» в других словарях:
Flexural strength — Flexural strength, also known as modulus of rupture, bend strength, or fracture strength,[dubious – discuss] a mechanical parameter for brittle material, is defined as a material s ability to resist deformation under load. The transverse bending… … Wikipedia
Flexural rigidity — is defined as the force couple required to bend a rigid structure to a unit curvature.In a beam or rod, flexural rigidity varies along the length as a function of x shown in the following equation:: EI
Elastic modulus — An elastic modulus, or modulus of elasticity, is the mathematical description of an object or substance s tendency to be deformed elastically (i.e., non permanently) when a force is applied to it. The elastic modulus of an object is defined as… … Wikipedia
Three point flexural test — The three point bending flexural test provides values for the modulus of elasticityin bending E B, flexural stress sigma f, flexural strainepsilon f and the flexural stress strain response of thematerial. The main advantage of a three point… … Wikipedia
List of materials properties — A material s property is an intensive, often quantitative property of a material, usually with a unit that may be used as a metric of value to compare the benefits of one material versus another to aid in materials selection. A material property… … Wikipedia
Liste de propriétés de matériaux — Une propriété de matériau est une grandeur intensive, souvent une propriété quantitative, généralement avec une unité de mesure qui peut être utilisée comme métrique de la valeur pour comparer les avantages d un matériau plutôt qu un autre dans… … Wikipédia en Français
Beam (structure) — A statically determinate beam, bending (sagging) under an evenly distributed load. A beam is a horizontal structural element that is capable of withstanding load primarily by resisting bending. The bending force induced into the material of the… … Wikipedia
Zytel — is a trademark owned by DuPont and used for a number of different high strength, abrasion and impact resistant thermoplastic polyamide formulations of the family more commonly known as nylon, often with varying degrees of fiberglass, from 13% to… … Wikipedia
ThermoPlastic Olefin — (TPO) is a trade name that refers to polymer/filler blends usually consisting of some fraction of PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), BCPP (block copolymer polypropylene), rubber, and a reinforcing filler. Common fillers include, though are… … Wikipedia
Polyether block amide — or PEBA is a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). It is also known under the tradename of PEBAX® (Arkema). It is a block copolymer obtained by polycondensation of a carboxylic acid polyamide (PA6, PA11, PA12) with an alcohol termination polyether (PTMG … Wikipedia
Flexural Modulus
The flexural modulus is the three-point bending analog to the elastic modulus for tensile loading, and both elastic moduli should theoretically have the same value, although this is not always observed.
Related terms:
Test and Inspection Methods
7.5.2 Modulus and elongation (flexural)
Flexural modulus is a measure of the strength of adhesives. Modulus data are most often used in stress analysis (one-dimensional or as an input to 3-D modeling). In addition to flexural modulus, elongation-at-break is also recorded. The standard test method is ASTM D790, Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials. 46 Two methods are specified. The first uses a three-point bending test; two supports hold the part and a load is applied with a single point to induce flexure. In the second method (four-point bending), the force is applied using two heads or points. The flexural modulus is calculated from the following equation:
where L = length of span; y = distance covered by a load F during flexure, measured from the initial position; F = load (in Newtons); b = width of test bar (in mm); and h = thickness of test bar (in mm).
Multiaxial warp-knitted fabrics
Flexural behaviour
(adapted from Wang, 2002 ). Copyright © 2002
(adapted from Wang, 2002 ). Copyright © 2002
Modifying Specific Properties: Mechanical Properties – Fillers
4.1 Effect of Fillers
4.1.1 Mechanical properties
Impact strength and flexural modulus are the mechanical properties that can most be improved by careful selection of mineral fillers, and the shape of the particle is important. Fibre-like wollastonite particularly improves the flexural modulus while cube-shaped calcium carbonate can improve both impact strength and modulus. Talc offers many options because it is capable of many different modifications and surface treatments. The high aspect ratio of glass fibres means that they can provide the greatest improvement in mechanical properties.
4.1.2 Thermal properties
Fillers usually have a thermal conductivity about 20 times higher than plastics, and the specific heat is about 50%. By improving the heat transfer in the melt, the use of a filler may therefore give a faster set-up when moulding, and so improve the cycle time. In applications, the same effect may be useful in engineering components, improving heat dissipation and/or producing a thermal expansion closer to that of metal.
4.1.3 Moisture content
Water-soluble compounds in the filler (such as sodium or potassium salts) may be affected by outdoor exposure, so damaging the performance of the compound. For example, an outdoor application with a calcium carbonate-filled compound may have its outer layer converted to calcium sulphide and then to calcium sulphate (gypsum) by the effect of sulphur dioxide in the air. Fortunately, gypsum is virtually insoluble in water and cannot be washed out. However, in products with a high percentage of dolomite, the magnesium carbonate eventually combines with sulphur dioxide to form water-soluble magnesium sulphate, producing efflorescence.
4.1.4 Reinforcement mechanism of fillers
Reinforcement depends on two features: the number of interactions at the interface between polymer and filler (which is mainly controlled by the low primary particle size in conjunction with the surface activity) and the hydrodynamic effects of particle aggregation and agglomeration (which are linked with shear modulus and hysteresis during dynamic or static deformation).
One key is the shape and size of the primary aggregates, which are largely dependent on the manufacturing process, but the distribution of the particles is also important, which is largely controlled by processing conditions. This is particularly true in the case of elastomeric matrices. Recent thinking is that the differences in the aggregate size distributions are particularly responsible for the processing and vulcanization characteristics of the compound.
Methods currently used to determine this require the filler to be comminuted by means of ultrasound – but this causes severe degradation of the agglomerates in carbon blacks, and also distorts the distribution of silicas. An alternative method has been developed using transmission electronic microscopy, in which the filler morphology retained is similar to that obtained in the incorporation process.
Anisometry and fractal dimension are also used as parameters for characterizing fillers, the former to predict various mechanical properties of filled compounds and vulcanizates and the latter to investigate the surface structure. Anisometry, which is always subject to distribution, is found to widen with the fillers investigated, with an increase in the dimensions of the objects detected.